DEFINITIONS - UNDERSTANDING CITIZENSHIP

Only countries, namely international entities are widely recognized, is capable of providing citizenship. A person can not be regarded as citizens of a national ethnic group or nation that is not managed by the state. But the distinction between citizen (of a republic) and servant (of a monarchy) when democracy loses its meaning in various places that still adhered to the monarchical system has matured. Even countries that are now non-democratic international stigmatization against people rejected them by refusing the term citizenship itself. Citizenship is a legal status regulated by each state. Rights and obligations of each country expressed the same, and no longer second-class citizens for reasons of birthplace, gender, belief, behavior, race or offspring. Based on this citizenship status, then each person mempu-cal rights "civil" or the right to obtain state protection for the safety and ownership. Raymond Aron (1974) asserts that "modern citizenship is essentially a human right, which is difficult to find in many ancient political units (such as the Roman empire) is more interested in terms of freedom and procedural guarantees for every citizen. In addition to these civil rights, citizen state also has what is called social rights. These rights guarantee every citizen to enjoy a certain standard of social life. But we can not forget the fact that such rights were already there in ancient political units. In Rome, known what is called the panem et circenses, or certain welfare rights guaranteed by the authorities for each of its citizens, and the right was far greater than the rights enjoyed by citizens of political units which embrace state socialism as well as the ancient kingdoms in America or Asia. In addition, the civil rights which is the cornerstone of democracy, and for centuries regarded as the natural wealth of every individual who even had to be protected also from possible transgressions by the state or ruler. Confidence is what color the important clauses in the constitution America as in the First Amendment, which reads "Congress should not make laws that can interfere with freedom of speech or freedom of the press ..." While social rights are not always manifested by well, whether it's for reasons of ideological and socio-economic. That's why Westbrook ( 1993: 341) argues that "civil rights is part of politics, while social rights are gifts from politics". On the other hand, every citizen has the obligation to obey any rules set by the state. As said by Camilleri and Falk (1992 : 18), "adherence to the competent authority is an important characteristic of citizenship". Support to country, ranging from paying taxes until the war risked their lives defending the country, is also part of the obligations of citizens. But most political philosophers emphasize the existence of state to serve the population, and that means citizens should also have the power and political control of state / government to ensure that their responsibility is really comparable to the rights they had obtained. Because it is easy for us to understand why citizenship, which originally only classification membership of a community, an important element of the three prominent ideology along the modern era. In the two ideologies, namely nationalism and democracy. are both recommended an active citizenship and dedication. They tend to reject the leadership by a person or group who are not high-minded patriot or not high-minded democrats. Whereas in the third ideology, the ideology of the welfare state (wel-fare state), which emphasized the passive nature of citizenship as well as consumers in the market. This ideology is close to the Hobbesian conception which states that authorities should give benefits to those who lead. The three ideologies are different opinions in a number of important aspects such as the relevance of ethnicity in national life, as well as the principle of majority rule for the creation of democracy. As a consequence the problem of citizenship is also still a matter of debate until the future.